the national library of Japan, formed at Tokyo in 1948 and combining the libraries of the upper and lower houses of the Diet (national legislature) with the collections of the former Imperial Library (established 1872). The library's building opened in 1961, adjacent to the National Diet Building. It is organized on the system of the U.S. Library of Congress, serving legislators and the nation at large through various major divisions and 35 branch libraries.

The main collection contains more than six million volumes. The library serves as the headquarters of both the Japan Special Libraries Association and the Centre of International Book Exchange. Law provides that all Japanese publications be deposited at the library, and this forms the basis for the computer-generated Japanese national bibliography, which is published by the library.