city, southeastern West Bengal state, northeastern India, at the confluence of the Bhāgīrathi and Jalangi rivers. The Bhāgīrathi River has shifted its course, cutting the city off from the rest of the district. Reputedly founded in 1063, the town served as the ancient capital of the Sena Dynasty. Called the Vārānasi of Bengal, it is an important pilgrimage centre. Caitanya (1486–1533), a Hindu mystic who founded the Vaiṣṇava sect, was born there. It is also noted for its traditional Sanskrit schools. Metalware and brass manufacture are major industries. Constituted a municipality in 1869, it has colleges affiliated with the University of Calcutta. Pop. (2001) city, 125,341.