third and last king (reigned 360–343 BC) of the 30th dynasty of Egypt; he was the last of the native Egyptian kings.

Nectanebo, with the aid of the Spartan king Agesilaus II, usurped the throne from Tachos. A rival pretender almost succeeded in overthrowing the new king, but Agesilaus defeated him and left Nectanebo firmly established as ruler. His most powerful enemy was the Persian king Artaxerxes III Ochus, who, after an earlier, futile attempt, swept down through Phoenicia and Palestine, entered three mouths of the Nile at once, and easily took control of Egypt. Nectanebo fled first to Memphis and then to Upper Egypt; thereafter nothing more is known of him.