Nobel Prize winners by year (1921–30)

year category name country* achievement literary area

1921

chemistry Soddy, Frederick U.K. chemistry of radioactive substances; occurrence and nature of isotopes

literature France, Anatole France novelist

peace Branting, Karl Hjalmar Sweden

peace Lange, Christian Lous Norway

physics Einstein, Albert Switzerland work in theoretical physics

1922

chemistry Aston, Francis William U.K. work with mass spectrograph; whole-number rule

literature Benavente y Martínez, Jacinto Spain dramatist

peace Nansen, Fridtjof Norway

physics Bohr, Niels Denmark investigation of atomic structure and radiation

physiology/

medicine Hill, A.V. U.K. discoveries concerning heat production in muscles

physiology/

medicine Meyerhof, Otto Germany work on metabolism of lactic acid in muscles

1923

chemistry Pregl, Fritz Austria method of microanalysis of organic substances

literature Yeats, William Butler Ireland poet

physics Millikan, Robert Andrews U.S. work on elementary electric charge and the photoelectric effect

physiology/

medicine Banting, Sir Frederick Grant Canada discovery of insulin

physiology/

medicine Macleod, J.J.R. U.K. discovery of insulin

1924

literature Reymont, Wladyslaw Stanislaw (Reymont, Władysław Stanisław) Poland novelist

physics Siegbahn, Karl Manne Georg Sweden work in X-ray spectroscopy

physiology/

medicine Einthoven, Willem The Netherlands discovery of electrocardiogram mechanism

1925

chemistry Zsigmondy, Richard Austria elucidation of the heterogeneous nature of colloidal solutions

literature Shaw, George Bernard Ireland dramatist

peace Chamberlain, Sir Austen U.K.

peace Dawes, Charles G. U.S.

physics Franck, James Germany discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom

physics Hertz, Gustav Germany discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom

1926

chemistry Svedberg, Theodor H.E. Sweden work on disperse systems

literature Deledda, Grazia Italy novelist

peace Briand, Aristide France

peace Stresemann, Gustav Germany

physics Perrin, Jean France work on discontinuous structure of matter

physiology/

medicine Fibiger, Johannes Denmark contributions to cancer research

1927

chemistry Wieland, Heinrich Otto Germany researches into the constitution of bile acids

literature Bergson, Henri France philosopher

peace Buisson, Ferdinand- Édouard (Buisson, Ferdinand-Édouard) France

peace Quidde, Ludwig Germany

physics Compton, Arthur Holly U.S. discovery of wavelength change in diffused X-rays

physics Wilson, C.T.R. U.K. method of making visible the paths of electrically charged particles

physiology/

medicine Wagner-Jauregg, Julius Austria work on malaria inoculation in dementia paralytica

1928

chemistry Windaus, Adolf Germany constitution of sterols and their connection with vitamins

literature Undset, Sigrid Norway novelist

physics Richardson, Sir Owen Willans U.K. work on electron emission by hot metals

physiology/

medicine Nicolle, Charles-Jules-Henri France work on typhus

1929

chemistry Euler-Chelpin, Hans von Sweden investigations in the fermentation of sugars and the enzyme action involved

chemistry Harden, Sir Arthur U.K. investigations in the fermentation of sugars and the enzyme action involved

literature Mann, Thomas Germany novelist

peace Kellogg, Frank B. U.S.

physics duc (duke) de (Broglie, Louis-Victor, 7e duc de) France discovery of the wave nature of electrons

physiology/

medicine Eijkman, Christiaan The Netherlands discovery of the antineuritic vitamin

physiology/

medicine Hopkins, Sir Frederick Gowland U.K. discovery of growth-stimulating vitamins

1930

chemistry Fischer, Hans Germany hemin, chlorophyll research; synthesis of hemin

literature Lewis, Sinclair U.S. novelist

peace Söderblom, Nathan Sweden

physics Raman, Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata India work on light diffusion; discovery of Raman effect

physiology/

medicine Landsteiner, Karl U.S. grouping of human blood types

*Nationality given is the citizenship of recipient at the time award was made. Prizes may be withheld or not awarded in years when no worthy recipient can be found or when the world situation (e.g., World Wars I and II) prevents the gathering of information needed to reach a decision.

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