one of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Papua New Guinea, southwestern Pacific Ocean. The island lies 10 miles (16 km) from the eastern tip of the island of New Guinea, across Goschen Strait, and is separated from Fergusson Island to the northwest by Dawson Strait. Normanby is volcanic and has an area of 400 square miles (1,000 square km), rising to 3,800 feet (1,158 metres) in the Prevost Range in the southeast. Sewa Bay deeply creases the west coast and Awaiara (Sewataitai) Bay, the east. The island was visited in 1873 by British Capt. John Moresby, who named it after the marquess of Normanby, a governor of Queensland, Austl. The island may have been a secret British military base during World War II. Having once produced gold, Normanby now exports copra and some timber; newly discovered gold deposits were beginning to be exploited in the early 21st century. The largest settlement, and district headquarters, is Esa'ala at the island's northern end.