Royalist commander during the English Civil Wars.

The son of William Compton, 1st earl in the Compton line (whom he succeeded in 1630), he warmly supported King Charles I. On the outbreak of the Civil War he was entrusted with the execution of the commission of array in Warwickshire. After varying success and failure in the Midlands, he fought at Edgehill, and after the king's return to Oxford he was given, in November 1642, the military supervision of Banbury and the neighbouring country. He was attacked in Banbury by the Parliamentary forces on December 22 but was relieved by Prince Rupert the next day. In March 1643 he marched from Banbury to relieve Lichfield and, having failed there, proceeded to Stafford, which he occupied. Thence on March 19, accompanied by three of his sons, he marched out with his troops and engaged Sir John Gell and Sir William Brereton at Hopton Heath. In the moment of victory he was surrounded by the enemy and, refusing quarter, was slain. His son James (1622–81) succeeded him as 3rd earl.