city and port, northern Turkey, on the Black Sea. It lies at the mouth of the Melet River on the eastern slopes of Boztepe (1,800 feet 【550 metres】), which protects it against storms from the northwest. Ordu was the site of ancient Cotyora, founded by Greek colonists from Sinope (modern Sinop) in the 5th century BC, and is the place from which the survivors of Xenophon's Ten Thousand (Greeks who went to Asia to seek their fortunes) embarked for Sinope and Heraclea Pontica (modern Ereğli). Ordu is now a centre for hazelnut processing and exporting, fishing, and timber exporting. The city is on the Samsun-Trabzon coastal road about 100 miles (160 km) west of Trabzon.

The area in which Ordu is situated is rugged, well-forested, and humid. The fertile coastal strip supports a variety of agricultural products, including corn (maize) and hazelnuts. Livestock is raised and grain is grown in the deep valleys of the interior. Pop. (2000) 112,525.