Combat aircraft¹

Warships Bombers Defense

Aircraft and Recon- expenditure

Military personnel in 000s Submarines Carriers/ Destroyers/ fighter- nais- as % of

Country Total Army Navy Air Force² Nuclear Diesel Cruisers Frigates ground attack Fighters sance Tanks³ 1996 GDP

I. NATO

Belgium 44.5⁴ 28.5 2.7 12.0 -- -- -- 3 132 -- -- 326 1.6

Canada 61.6⁴ 21.9 9.4 14.6 -- 3 -- 20 122 -- 18 114 1.5

Denmark 32.9 19.0 6.0 7.9 -- 5 -- 3 64 -- -- 353 1.7

France 380.8⁴ 219.9 63.3⁵ 83.4 10 4 3 39 372 121 71 768 3.1

Germany 347.1⁴ 239.9 27.8 76.9 -- 16 -- 15 296 177 53 3,248 1.7

Greece 162.3 116.0 19.5 26.8 -- 8 -- 15 209 110 29 1,735 4.8

Italy 325.1⁴ 188.3 44.0 63.6 -- 8 2 30 235 24 45 1,325 2.2

Netherlands, The 57.2⁴ 27.0 13.8 12.0 -- 4 -- 16 171 -- 15 600 2.1

Norway 33.6⁴ 15.8 9.0 7.9 -- 12 -- 4 58 15 6 170 2.4

Portugal 59.3⁴ 32.1 14.8 7.7 -- 3 -- 10 91 -- 5 186 2.8

Spain 197.5 128.5 39.0⁵ 30.0 -- 8 1 17 47 149 21 776 1.5

Turkey 639.0 525.0 51.0⁵ 53.0 -- 15 -- 21 259 165 39 4,205 3.9

United Kingdom 213.8 112.2 44.9⁵ 56.7 15 -- 3 35 316 107 67 541 3.0

United States 1,447.6 495.0 570.4⁵ 382.2 93 -- 42 101 3,849 332 236 8,239 3.6

II. NON-NATO EUROPE

Albania unk unk 2.5 6.0 -- 1 -- -- 47 51 -- 721 6.7

Armenia 60.0⁴ 58.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- 5 1 -- 102 6.2

Austria 45.5 45.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 53 -- -- 169 0.9

Azerbaijan 66.7 53.3 2.2 11.2 -- -- -- 2 15 19 2 270 5.8

Belarus 81.8⁴ 50.5 -- 22.0 -- -- -- -- 129 89 12 1,778 4.2

Bosnia and Herzegovina 56.0 56.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 130 6.3

Bosnian Serbs 30.0 30.0 -- -- -- 20 -- -- 570 n/a

Bulgaria 101.5⁴ 50.4 6.1 19.3 -- 2 -- 1 112 84 21 1,475 3.3

Croatia 58.0 50.0 3.0 5.0 -- 1 -- -- 30 -- -- 285 6.8

Czech Republic 61.7⁴ 27.0 -- 17.0 -- -- -- -- 57 72 -- 952 2.4

Finland 31.0 27.0 2.1 1.9 -- -- -- -- -- 98 -- 196 2.0

Georgia 33.2⁴ 12.6 2.0 3.0 -- -- -- 2 7 -- -- 79 3.4

Hungary 49.1 31.6 -- 17.5 -- -- -- -- -- 80 -- 797 1.7

Poland 241.7 168.6 17.0 56.1 -- 3 -- 2 109 231 16 1,729 2.8

Romania 226.9⁴ 129.3 17.5⁵ 47.6 -- 1 -- 7 88 203 24 1,255 2.3

Slovakia 41.2⁴ 23.8 -- 12.0 -- -- -- -- 33 76 5 478 2.6

Sweden 53.3 35.1 9.5 8.7 -- 10 -- -- 162 193 33 539 2.9

Ukraine 387.4⁴ 161.5 16.0⁵ 124.4 -- 3 -- 4 450 456 112 4,063 3.0

Yugoslavia 114.2 90.0 7.5⁵ 16.7 -- 4 -- 4 123 80 38 1,270 8.7

III. RUSSIA

Russia 1,240.0⁴ 420.0 220.0⁵ 400.0⁶ 97 32 23 37 1,321 1,490 344 15,780 6.5

IV. MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; LATIN AMERICA

Algeria 124.0 107.0 7.0 10.0 -- 2 -- 3 55 116 10 890 4.0

Egypt 450.0 320.0 20.0 110.0 -- 8 -- 9 189 363 20 3,700 4.5

Iran 518.0 450.0 38.0⁵ 30.0 -- 3 -- 4 170 124 14 1,390 5.0

Iraq 387.5 350.0 2.5 35.0 -- -- -- 2 136 180 -- 2,700 8.3

Israel 175.0 134.0 9.0 32.0 -- 3 -- -- 426 -- 22 4,300 12.1

Jordan 104.0 90.0 0.6 13.4 -- -- -- -- 65 32 -- 1,141 5.6

Lebanon 55.1 53.3 1.0 0.8 -- -- -- -- -- 3 -- 315 4.4

Libya 65.0 35.0 8.0 22.0 -- 4 -- 3 200 209 11 985 5.1

Morocco 196.3 175.0 7.8 13.5 -- -- -- 1 70 15 4 524 4.3

Oman 43.5⁴ 25.0 4.2 4.1 -- -- -- -- 47 -- -- 103 15.6

Saudi Arabia 105.5 70.0 13.5⁵ 22.0 -- -- -- 8 187 139 10 1,055 12.8

Sudan, The 79.7 75.0 1.7 3.0 -- -- -- -- 50 6 -- 280 4.3

Syria 320.0 215.0 5.0 100.0² -- 3 -- 4 240 335 14 4,600 4.8

Tunisia 35.0 27.0 4.5 3.5 -- -- -- -- 44 -- -- 84 2.0

United Arab Emirates 64.5 59.0 1.5 4.0 -- -- -- -- 72 28 8 5 5.2

Yemen 66.3 61.0 1.8 3.5 -- -- -- -- 29 32 -- 1,125 3.7

Angola 110.5 98.0 1.5 11.0 -- -- -- -- 14 4 9 300 6.4

Burundi 22.0⁴ 18.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 6 -- -- -- 4.1

Cameroon 22.1⁴ 11.5 1.3 0.3 -- -- -- -- 15 -- -- -- 2.4

Chad 30.3⁴ 25.0 -- 0.3 -- -- -- -- 4 -- -- 60 2.7

Congo, Dem. Rep. of unk unk unk -- -- -- -- -- unk unk unk 60 2.8

Eritrea 46.0 unk unk unk -- -- -- 1 6 -- -- unk 7.5

Ethiopia 120.0⁴ 100.0 -- unk -- -- -- -- 85 -- 0 350 2.0

Kenya 24.2 20.5 1.2 2.5 -- -- -- -- 30 -- -- 76 2.2

Nigeria 77.0 62.0 5.5 9.5 -- -- -- 1 92 -- -- 200 3.5

Rwanda 62.0⁴ 55.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.3

South Africa 79.4⁴ 54.3 8.0 11.1 -- 3 -- -- 114 -- 8 224 1.8

Tanzania 34.6 30.0 1.0 3.6 -- -- -- -- -- 24 -- 65 2.5

Uganda 55.0 55.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 1 -- -- 80 2.4

Zambia 21.6 20.0 -- 1.6 -- -- -- -- 49 14 -- 30 1.8

Zimbabwe 39.0 35.0 -- 4.0 -- -- -- -- 29 12 15 32 3.9

Argentina 73.0 41.0 20.0⁵ 12.0 -- 3 -- 13 227 -- 5 326 1.5

Bolivia 33.5 25.0 4.5⁵ 4.0 -- -- -- -- 15 18 -- -- 2.1

Brazil 314.7 200.0 64.7⁵ 50.0 -- 6 1 21 249 16 4 -- 2.1

Chile 94.3 51.0 29.8⁵ 13.5 -- 4 -- 8 73 15 16 130 3.5

Colombia 146.3 121.0 18.0⁵ 7.3 -- 2 -- 4 59 -- 13 -- 2.6

Cuba 53.0 38.0 5.0⁵ 10.0 -- 2 -- 1 10 120 -- 1,500 5.4

Dominican Republic 24.5 15.0 4.0⁵ 5.5 -- -- -- -- 10 -- -- -- 1.1

Ecuador 57.1 50.0 4.1⁵ 3.0 -- 2 -- 2 42 14 -- 3 3.4

El Salvador 28.4 25.7 1.1⁵ 1.6 -- -- -- -- 12 -- 8 -- 1.5

Guatemala 40.7 38.5 1.5⁵ 0.7 -- -- -- -- 14 -- -- -- 1.4

Mexico 175.0 130.0 37.0⁵ 8.0 -- -- -- 7 101 10 23 -- 0.8

Peru 125.0 85.0 25.0⁵ 15.0 -- 8 2 5 70 23 7 300 1.9

Uruguay 25.6 17.6 5.0⁵ 3.0 -- -- -- 3 33 -- 1 -- 2.3

Venezuela 79.0⁴ 34.0 15.0⁵ 7.0 -- 2 -- 6 99 -- 19 70 1.2

V. SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIA; EAST ASIA AND OCEANIA

Australia 57.4 25.4 14.3 17.7 -- 3 -- 10 103 -- 23 71 2.2

Bangladesh 121.0 101.0 10.5 9.5 -- -- -- 4 49 -- -- 140 1.7

Cambodia 140.5⁴ 84.0 5.0 1.5 -- -- -- -- 2 21 -- 100 5.7

China 2,840.0 2,090.0 280.0⁵ 470.0 6 55 -- 54 816 3,161 298 8,500 5.7

India 1,145.0 980.0 55.0⁵ 110.0 -- 17 1 24 411 380 54 3,314 2.8

Indonesia 461.0⁴ 220.0 43.0⁵ 21.0 -- 2 -- 17 68 12 52 -- 2.1

Japan 235.6⁴ 147.7 42.5 44.1 -- 16 -- 58 110 228 140 1,110 1.0

Kazakstan 35.1 20.0 0.1 15.0 -- -- -- -- 69 32 12 630 2.6

Korea, North 1,055.0 923.0 47.0 85.0 -- 26 -- 3 607 -- -- 3,000 27.2

Korea, South 672.0 560.0 60.0⁵ 52.0 -- 6 -- 40 303 130 51 2,190 3.3

Laos 29.0 25.0 0.5 3.5 -- -- -- -- 30 -- -- 30 4.1

Malaysia 111.5 85.0 14.0 12.5 -- -- -- 4 54 33 7 -- 4.2

Myanmar (Burma) 429.0 400.0 20.0⁵ 9.0 -- -- -- -- 55 36 -- 130 7.6

Nepal 46.0 46.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.9

Pakistan 587.0 520.0 22.0⁵ 45.0 -- 9 -- 11 168 242 26 2,120 5.7

Philippines 110.5 70.0 24.0 16.5 -- -- -- 1 12 5 30 -- 2.0

Singapore 70.0 55.0 9.0 6.0 -- -- -- -- 94 37 8 60 5.5

Sri Lanka 117.0 95.0 12.0 10.0 -- -- -- -- 22 -- -- 25 6.5

Taiwan 376.0 240.0 68.0⁵ 68.0 -- 4 -- 36 402 -- 31 719 4.9

Thailand 266.0 150.0 73.0⁵ 43.0 -- -- 1 14 161 50 55 277 2.5

Uzbekistan 70.0⁴ 45.0 -- 4.0 -- -- -- -- 49 64 10 370 3.8

Vietnam 492.0 420.0 42.0⁵ 30.0 -- -- -- 7 71 124 4 1,315 4.0

Note: Data exclude most paramilitary, security, and irregular forces. Naval data exclude vessels of less than 100 tons standard displacement. Figures are for June

1997. Because of substantive changes in national forces and reassessments of evidence, data may not be comparable with previous editions.

¹Includes combat aircraft from all services, including naval and air defense. Light strike/counterinsurgency aircraft are included in bomber/fighter-ground attack

category. Reconnaissance includes maritime reconnaissance and antisubmarine warfare aircraft.

²Includes air defense troops.

³Main battle tanks (MBT), weighing at least 16.5 metric tons with gun of at least 75-mm calibre.

⁴Some countries have staffs, centrally controlled units, support services, military police, regular armed forces not responsible to Ministry of Defense, and the like,

which means total armed forces are greater than the sum of the three armed forces.

⁵Includes marines or naval infantry.

⁶Includes strategic missile forces.

Source: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 23 Tavistock Street, London, The Military Balance 1997-1998.