city, Lower Saxony Land (state), eastern Germany. It is located on the northern slope of the Oberharz (Upper Harz) mountains, at the entrance to the Radau River valley about 25 miles (40 km) south of Braunschweig and near Harz National Park. It developed around a castle built about 1066 by the emperor Henry IV on the nearby Grosser Burgberg (1,585 feet 【483 m】). The ruins of the castle remain, and there are also remnants of an altar (now in the museum at Goslar) dedicated to the pagan god Krodo (Crodo). The city is now a winter-sports resort and a fashionable spa. Its industries include metalworking and the manufacture of auto parts. Pop. (2005) 22,734.