city, north-central Ukraine. Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyy has existed since the 10th century, when it was known as Pereyaslavl. It was a border stronghold of the Kievan Rus state but was overrun by Tatars (Tatar) in 1239. The town began to recover in the 16th century and emerged as a site of Ukrainian Cossack culture. As a regimental centre in the Cossack-ruled state known as the Hetmanate, it was the site of the negotiation and signing of the Pereyaslav Agreement (1654), between the Cossacks and Moscow. The city declined after it was incorporated into the Russian Empire in 1781. Today Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyy's attractions include several museums and a variety of architectural monuments. Industries in the city have included food processing and clothing production. Pop. (2005 est.) 30,258.