French soldier, explorer, and administrator in French North America, founder of the city of Detroit (1701), and governor of Louisiana (1710 to 1716 or 1717). Going to Canada in 1683, he fought against the Iroquois Indians, lived for a time in Maine, and first served in present-day Michigan as commandant of the important frontier post of Mackinac (1694–97).

With permission from King Louis XIV, Cadillac established a Great Lakes fur-trading post and founded Fort-Pontchartrain du Détroit, later called Detroit. He governed there until 1710, when his enemies in Quebec and Paris forced his removal to the new French colony of Louisiana. Increasingly unpopular there and himself dissatisfied with his appointment, Cadillac was recalled to France and was briefly confined in the Bastille. He lived the rest of his life in retirement in Languedoc. The city of Cadillac, Mich.; Cadillac Mountain, Maine; and the Cadillac automobile are named for him.