city, North Rhine–Westphalia Land (state), northwestern Germany. It lies near the Rhine-Herne Canal, in the eastern part of the Ruhr industrial district. First mentioned in 834, Castrop was chartered in 1484. It belonged to the duchy of Cleves- (Kleve-) Mark until 1609, when it came under Prussian rule. It amalgamated with 12 country districts (including Rauxel) to form Castrop-Rauxel in 1926. Historic buildings in the city include the moated castle of Bladenhorst and Goldschmieding House, both dating from the 16th century, and the 13th-century church of St. Lambert. Coal mining has historically been one of the city's principal industries. Manufacturing is now dominated by metalworking and electronics. Castrop-Rauxel has extensive open spaces, one of which is home to a horse track. Pop. (2003 est.) 78,208.