British encyclopaedia published in Oxford, Eng., and named after its original publishers, Robert and William Chambers. The first edition in 10 volumes (1859–68) was based on a translation of the 10th edition of the German Konversations-Lexikon (now Brockhaus Enzyklopädie). Chambers's Encyclopaedia is not to be confused with the Cyclopaedia of Ephraim Chambers. The modern Chambers's appeared as a 15-volume set in 1950.

The scope of the encyclopaedia is international, but its emphasis is primarily British, as are the scholarly contributors. Not having a continuous revision system makes much of the material dated; the most recent edition (1973; not ordinarily available in the United States) is a reprint with corrections of the 1966 revised edition published by Pergamon, which had a new format, new entry selections, and a reapportionment of space. Chambers's has a reputation for reliable, scholarly, and literate treatment of historical subjects, especially in the humanities, geography, and biography. Its format is conservative.