Indian politician who served briefly as prime minister (1979–80).

Singh became a lawyer and in 1929 joined the Indian National Congress movement. He was jailed several times in the struggle for Indian independence. He served in the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh) state assembly from 1937 on and was chief minister of that state in 1967–68 and 1970. In 1977 he allied his peasant- and agricultural-based Indian Revolutionary Party with the Janata Party of Morarji Desai and served as minister of home affairs (1977–78) and deputy prime minister (1979) in Desai's coalition government. Factional quarreling broke apart the Janata coalition in 1979, and in July of that year Singh became prime minister with the support of his former political enemy, Indira Gandhi (Gandhi, Indira), who had imprisoned him during the state of emergency (1975–77). Within a month Gandhi withdrew her support from Singh, who thenceforth headed a caretaker government until Gandhi was returned to power in the elections of January 1980. Singh never again held high office.