Soviet chess master and world champion from 1969 to 1972.

When Spassky was evacuated from Leningrad during World War II to a children's home in Kirov province, he learned to play chess. In 1953, while still in his teens, he gained the rank of international master. In 1955 he won the world junior championship, and in that same year he won the title of international grandmaster. In the following years, however, while occupied with his journalism studies at Leningrad University, Spassky was overshadowed by the rise of the young chess genius Mikhail Tal (Tal, Mikhail Nekhemyevich) from Riga, Latvia. In 1966, still having little international reputation, Spassky first challenged Tigran Petrosyan (Petrosyan, Tigran Vartanovich) for the world title, but he was not successful at taking the title until three years later. Spassky's style was characterized by an adaptability rarely matched in the history of chess. His victory over Petrosyan was narrow (12¹/₂–10¹/₂), however, and his subsequent tournament results were unremarkable. In 1972 he lost the world title to Bobby Fischer (Fischer, Bobby) of the United States.