city and port, southwestern Peru, along the Pacific at the mouth of the Pisco River. Founded in 1640 by Pedro Toledo y Leiva, it was devastated by an earthquake in 1682 and by a tidal wave in 1686. It was incorporated as a city in 1898. Pisco (Quechua for “bird”) is noted for its brandy made from muscat grapes. Other economic activities include subsistence farming, milling of cottonseed oil, textile manufacturing, and fishing. Paracas Bay, to the south, sheltered by the Paracas Peninsula, is a resort area. On the peninsula is the Paracas Necrópolis (pre-Inca ruins). A major earthquake damaged the city in 2007. Pop. (2005) 53,857.