city, Coos county, southwestern Oregon, U.S., on Coos Bay (an inlet of the Pacific), adjacent to North Bend, Eastside, and the port of Charleston. The original inhabitants of the region include the Coos, Lower Umpqua, and Siuslaw peoples, who formed a confederation in 1855. Fur trappers visited the region in the early 1800s, and the area was settled in 1854 by J.C. Tolman, who named it Marshfield after his hometown in Massachusetts. Shipbuilding industries developed early. A sheltered harbour, proximity to large stands of timber, and the construction of sawmills in the early 1900s made the city a major lumber-shipping port. It also processes seafood, dairy, and poultry products and is the heart of a seaside resort area. Southwestern Oregon Community College was established there in 1961. Marshfield was renamed Coos Bay in 1944 and absorbed the adjacent city of Empire in 1965. The South Slough of Coos Bay is a National Estuarine Research Reserve protecting migratory waterfowl and natural wetlands. Sunset Bay, Shore Acres, and Cape Arago state parks are nearby. Inc. 1874. Pop. (1990) 15,076; (2000) 15,374.