former city, east-central Tamil Nadu (Tamil Nādu) state, southeastern India. It lies on an island at the division of the Kaveri (Kaveri River) (Cauvery) and Coleroon (Coleroon River) rivers and is now incorporated administratively into the nearby city of Tiruchchirappalli. Srirangam is one of the most frequently visited pilgrimage centres in southern India. Its main Ranganatha temple, though primarily Vaishnavite, is also holy to Shaivites. The temple is composed of seven rectangular enclosures, one within the other, the outermost having a perimeter more than 2 miles (3 km) in length. A remarkable feature of the temple is the Hall of a Thousand Pillars with its colonnade of rearing horses. The temple and the 1,000-pillared hall were constructed in the Vijayanagar period (1336–1565) on the site of an older temple.