city, northwestern Peru, situated on the Chira River, in the coastal desert. Founded (c. 1821) at the time of Peru's independence from Spain and given town status in 1826, Sullana is an important commercial centre in one of Peru's major cotton-growing areas. With the channelling of the Chira River, the annual flow of which is the largest of all Peruvian coastal rivers, cultivation of cotton began in the early 20th century. Acreage has been greatly expanded since the completion, in 1967, of additional irrigation works. Cinchona bark is also gathered in the Sullana area. The city has cotton gins and cottonseed-oil mills. Products are trucked for export through the port of Paita, 47 miles (75 km) west. Sullana is linked to Piura, 20 miles (32 km) south, by the Pan-American Highway. Pop. (2005) 139,170.