词条 | survivals |
释义 | survivals anthropology in anthropology, cultural phenomena that outlive the set of conditions under which they developed. ![]() The Scottish evolutionist John Fergusson McLennan (McLennan, John Ferguson) used the term to denote symbolic forms of earlier customs. For instance, mock battles in nuptial rituals were said to be survivals of an earlier stage, when marriage putatively involved the capture or kidnapping of women. Other writers emphasized concrete functionality rather than symbolic meaning: they held that an item or behaviour could change in function and thereby remain integrated with the rest of culture. The strongest adherent to this view, Polish-British anthropologist Bronisław Malinowski (Malinowski, Bronisław), entirely rejected the suggestion that any part of culture could have no function or could be disconnected from the rest of the cultural system. The term survivals continues to be used in discussions of cultural change, cultural stability, and the reconstruction of historical sequences. |
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