museum of science and industry established in Munich in 1903 and opened in 1925. Its pattern of organization and administration became the model for such later foundations as the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago.

The Deutsches Museum owed its existence to the perseverance and initiative of Oskar von Miller, who convinced industry and government authorities of the usefulness of his idea and built up the museum over a period of two decades. Many of its valuable collections in the history of technology and in the physical sciences were destroyed during World War II, but they were later replaced.