city, southeastern Buenos Aires provincia (province), eastern Argentina. It is situated within the Pampas at the northern end of the Tandil Mountains, about 190 miles (305 km) south of Buenos Aires city. Tandil was founded in 1823 by the colonial governor Martín Rodríguez, but after Indian attacks in 1856 the majority of settlers fled, not returning until some years later. It was declared a city in 1895. Its clear air and hill scenery have made it both a health and a pleasure resort. Notable are Tandil's outstanding Holy Week festivities, which are reminiscent of those held in Sevilla, Spain, and draw large numbers of tourists. In 1961 a dam was built on the city outskirts to control seasonal flooding of the Fuerte and Blanco streams. The economy is based on agriculture; cattle raising is of some significance, and there is light industrial development. Pop. (2001) 101,010.