national flag consisting of horizontal stripes of green, white, and red, with a blue triangle at the hoist and the national coat of arms (arms, coat of) in the centre. The width-to-length ratio of the flag is approximately 2 to 3.

The coat of arms of Equatorial Guinea contains the silk-cotton tree, also known as the god tree, under which, it is said, the first treaty was signed between Spain and a local ruler. The arms, created when Equatorial Guinea became independent on October 12, 1968, also include the motto of the country in Spanish—“Unidad, paz, justicia” (“Unity, peace, justice”)—and six golden stars for the five principal islands and the coastal territory that constitute the nation.

The sea that links the parts of the country is reflected in the blue triangle, while the stripes of green, white, and red stand, respectively, for the vegetation on which most people rely for their livelihood, peace, and the blood shed by martyrs in the liberation struggle. The flag hoisted at independence did not bear the coat of arms, which was added later. In 1978 a different coat of arms was substituted under the regime of Francisco Macías Nguema, but the original design was restored on August 21, 1979, after Nguema was overthrown.