town, northern KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. It lies on the north bank of the White Mfolozi (Umfolozi) River. The site was chosen by Cetshwayo for his new capital when he became king of the Zulu in 1873. He called it UluNdi (“the High Place”). The village was captured and burned by the British in 1879 in the last battle of the Anglo-Zulu War, in which Cetshwayo was defeated. A memorial has been erected on the site.

In 1980 Ulundi was designated capital of the nonindependent black state of KwaZulu. In 1994 the new province of KwaZulu-Natal was created out of KwaZulu and the former province of Natal. Ulundi was capital of the new province from 1994 (co-capital status, 1994–95) until 2004, when it was replaced by Pietermaritzburg. Light industries in the area process foodstuffs, tobacco, and timber. Roads and a railway link Ulundi to the coast and points farther inland. The population is predominantly Zulu. Pop. (2001) 212,970.