词条 | fig wasp |
释义 | fig wasp insect also called fig insect any of about 900 species of tiny wasps responsible for pollinating the world's 900 species of figs (see Ficus). Each species of wasp pollinates only one species of fig, and each fig species has its own wasp species to pollinate it. This extraordinary diversity of coevolution (community ecology) between figs and wasps has become so profound that neither organism can exist without the other. ![]() The female fig wasp's role in pollinating certain edible figs, especially Smyrna figs (fig) (F. carica), is critical to the fig grower, as most economically valuable figs require fertilization to ripen. Though she cannot lay her eggs within the edible fig (she must lay them at the base of the pistil, and the pistils of cultivated figs are longer than her ovipositor), she carries with her the pollen that fertilizes the figs and causes them to ripen. Unfertilized females perform the same role in pollination. Although most figs are tropical, two species of fig wasps are found in North America. The female fig wasp, Blastophaga psenes, about 1.5 mm (0.06 inch) in length, was introduced into the western United States to pollinate the Smyrna fig, a commercially important variety. B. nota, originally found in the Philippines, pollinates the flowers of F. nota. The fig wasp family, Agaonidae, belongs to a superfamily of wasps called Chalcidoidea (see chalcid) that includes thousands of species of parasitic wasps. |
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