city, in the highlands of northeastern São Paulo estado (state), southern Brazil. It lies at 3,314 feet (1,010 metres) above sea level. Known variously as Vila Franca del Rei and Vila Franca do Imperador, it was given town status in 1824 and was made the seat of a municipality in 1856. The city has one of the largest sugar refineries in Brazil; coffee, rice, corn (maize), soy, and feijão (beans) are also grown locally. Franca is noted for the manufacture of shoes; industries in the city also manufacture furniture, vehicles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other products. Goods travel by rail and road to São Paulo city, 236 miles (380 km) south, and to other centres in São Paulo, especially Ribeirão Prêto (some 50 miles 【80 km】 south), and neighbouring Minas Gerais states. Franca also has an airfield. Pop. (2005 est.) 315,800.