Indian philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician, author of the Pañca-siddhāntikā (“Five Treatises”), a compendium of Greek, Egyptian, Roman, and Indian astronomy.

Varāhamihira's knowledge of Western astronomy was thorough. In five sections, his monumental work progresses through native Indian astronomy and culminates in two treatises on Western astronomy, showing calculations based on Greek and Alexandrian reckoning and even giving complete Ptolemaic mathematical charts and tables.

Although Varāhamihira's writings give a comprehensive picture of 6th-century India, his real interest lay in astronomy and astrology. He repeatedly emphasized the importance of astrology and wrote many treatises on śakuna (augury) as well as the Bṛhaj-Jātaka (“Great Birth”) and the Laghu-Jātaka (“Short Birth”), two well-known works on the casting of horoscopes.