city, Baden-Württemberg Land (state), southwestern Germany. It lies in the Black Forest, about 40 miles (65 km) southwest of Stuttgart. Founded in 1599 as a refuge for Protestants from Salzburg, Freudenstadt (“Town of Joy”) was severely damaged by fire during World War II. The central city, including the Renaissance arcades in the marketplace and the Evangelical church (1601–08), was rebuilt in its original form. The town is a winter sports centre and one of the most frequented resorts in the Black Forest. Its spa has been reconstructed with modern facilities. Freudenstadt's industrial products include machinery, cosmetics, leather goods, and electrical equipment. Pop. (2003 est.) 23,884.