philologist and biblical scholar who made one of the major 20th-century translations of the New Testament into modern English. After graduation from University College, London, he received the first Doctor of Literature degree from the University of London (1868). A Baptist layman, he taught in private schools and was headmaster of Mill Hill, London, a nonconformist school for boys (1869–86). In addition to many articles on philological and theological subjects, he published Early English Pronunciations (1874); The Resultant Greek Testament (1886), the New Testament Greek text accepted by most biblical scholars of his time; and the innovative New Testament in Modern Speech (1903).