German classical scholar and teacher whose studies advanced knowledge in the historical sciences of metrics, epigraphy, papyrology, topography, and textual criticism.

Educated at the universities of Bonn and Berlin, Wilamowitz-Moellendorff served in the Franco-German War (1870) and traveled through Italy and Greece. He taught successively at the universities of Berlin, Greifswald, and Göttingen before accepting the chair of Greek studies at Berlin in 1897.

Among Wilamowitz-Moellendorff's many books were studies and texts of the Greek tragedians, Homer and the Iliad, Hesiod, Pindar, Plato, and Aristotle. His Griechisches Lesebuch (1902; “Greek Reader”), which became a standard text, was influential in its emphasis on Hellenistic and later Greek writers, including the Church Fathers, as well as classical authors. In 1902 he became editorial director of the Inscriptiones Graecae. He also was editor of the series Philologische Untersuchungen (1880–1925; “Philological Investigations”). His last book was Der Glaube der Hellenen (1931–32; “The Religious Belief of the Greeks”).