German violinist whose most famous work is his arrangement of the air from J.S. Bach's orchestral Suite in D major, which became known as the “Air on the G String.”

A prodigy, he gave his first concert at the age of eight in Wiesbaden. He studied with Ferdinand David at the Leipzig Conservatory from 1861 to 1863, and with Joachim Raff in Frankfurt in 1864. In 1865 he began his concert career, and eventually made a number of world tours. He was the concertmaster at the Bayreuth Festival in 1876 when the first performance of Richard Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen took place. In 1885, at the invitation of the Sultan of Turkey, he played for the ladies of the Sultan's harem. He was appointed professor of music at the Guildhall School of Music in London in 1894. The last great violinist in the German style, his playing was poised and majestic with a rich tone.