painter of the Chinese Tang dynasty (618–907) who was so praised by later critics that his contributions are almost buried in myth.

He is recorded as having painted a wide variety of subjects, perhaps painting large wall compositions of an essentially Buddhist character more than anything else. He is especially noted for his imagination and the expressive vigour of his brush—which is cited even by Tang critics who lavished a “divine” (shen) rating upon him. There are no known extant works that give anything other than the most hazy impression of his skill and accomplishment. Probably, however, his brush created vividly expressive lines of alternately thick and thin tensions—seen then and remembered still in distinct contrast to the more preciously coloured and evenly controlled delineations of the contemporary courtly style.