town, east-central New South Wales, Australia. It lies in the Blue Mountains at an elevation of 3,337 feet (1,017 metres).

First known as The Crushers after a local stone quarry, it was renamed Katoomba, from an Aboriginal word for “waterfalls,” because of the nearby 800-foot- (245-metre-) high falls. The town was formerly a coal-mining centre, but mining has given way to tourist development based on the picturesque mountain locale. The nearby Scenic Railway, once used to carry coal miners down the cliff face, now carries tourists into the Jamison valley. Declared a municipality in 1889 and a city in 1946, Katoomba was incorporated within the City of Blue Mountains in 1947; it now serves as the city's administrative headquarters and the regional business centre. It is on the Great Western Highway and has an electric rail link to Sydney (55 miles 【88 km】 southeast). The locality yields apples and timber; clothing, leather goods, and furniture are manufactured in the town. Pop. (2001) urban area, 17,700.