Czech author whose fiction and plays were long banned by his country's communist rulers.

Klíma spent three boyhood years in a Nazi concentration camp during World War II, an experience he recorded in his first published writing in 1945. His first book, Mezi třemi hranicemi (1960; “Between Three Borders”), was a nonfiction work on Slovakia. During the 1960s he wrote stories for animated films, served as the editor of Literární noviny (“Literary News”), edited a book of essays by Karel Čapek (Čapek, Karel), and wrote fiction, including the short stories of Milenci na jednu noc (1964; “Lovers for One Night,” partially translated in Lovers for a Day) and the novel Lod' jménem Naděje (1969; A Ship Named Hope). Among Klíma's works in the 1970s and 1980s were the novel Milostné léto (A Summer Affair), concerning the fate of a biologist who has an obsessive love affair; a collection of four linked short stories titled Moje první lásky (My First Loves); Soudce z milosti (1986; Judge on Trial), a Prague novel about a judge who is jeopardized by his friendships with liberals; and Láska a smetí (1988; Love and Garbage), the narrator of which is a banned Czech writer who sweeps streets for a living while meditating on Franz Kafka (Kafka, Franz) and other momentous matters. Klíma's later fiction includes Čekání na tmu, čekání na světlo (1993; Waiting for the Dark, Waiting for the Light), about a Czech cameraman floundering in the prosperity that follows oppression; and Ani svatí, ani andělé (2001; No Saints or Angels), about cultural and personal havoc in contemporary Prague. His biography of Čapek, The Life and Work of Karel Čapek, was published in 2002.

Klíma also wrote a series of plays. Zámek (1964; The Castle) depicts elitist intellectuals in a castle who murder their visitors; it was considered a parable on communist morality. Porota (1969; The Jury) portrays a dilemma of responsibility versus despotism; it was the last of his plays to be freely performed in Czechoslovakia. Klíma's one-act plays, such as Klára a dva páni (1968; “Klara”), Cukrárna Myriam (1971; “Sweetshop Myriam”), and Hry (1975; “Games”), are distinguished by tense plots and absurd situations.