town, central Myanmar (Burma). It is situated on the left bank of the Chindwin River, about 60 miles (97 km) west of Mandalay. During World War II, the town was a Japanese communications centre and was captured by the British in 1945. In October of 1952, the Triple Alliance Pact was signed near Monywa, demarcating zones throughout Myanmar in which various ethnic and political groups, including the Karen, Shan, Kachin, and communists, would have power. Monywa is situated in the dry zone above the confluence of the Mu and Chindwin rivers; paddy rice, sesame, millet, peas, wheat, and cotton are cultivated in the surrounding area. Monywa's manufactures include textiles and wood and bamboo products. Copper is mined near Monywa, and a copper refinery has operated in Salingyi since 1976. A hospital was built in Monywa in 1972. Paved roads and a railway line run through the town. Pop. (1983) 106,873.