village, Green county, southern Wisconsin, U.S. It lies on a branch of the Sugar River, about 25 miles (40 km) southwest of Madison. Founded in 1845 by some 100 immigrants from the canton of Glarus in Switzerland who were fleeing an economic crisis in their homeland, it was organized on a semicommunal basis, with mineral rights and all streams and springs owned in common and the land apportioned by lot. The village is still largely populated by people of Swiss heritage. Located in a rich dairying region, New Glarus is noted for its Swiss and other types of cheese. Tourism is also important for the local economy. The Swiss Historical Village (established 1938) includes replicas of buildings in the original pioneer village, including a cheese factory and blacksmith and sausage shops. The Chalet of the Golden Fleece (built 1937), a replica Swiss chalet, houses a museum. Polkafest (music) and the Heidi Festival (drama) are held in June; Volksfest, celebrating Swiss Independence Day, is held in August; and the Wilhelm Tell Festival, first held in 1938, in September includes the presentation of German playwright Friedrich von Schiller (Schiller, Friedrich von)'s drama Wilhelm Tell. New Glarus Woods State Park is just south of the village. A portion of Ice Age National Scenic Trail passes near the city. Inc. 1901. Pop. (1990) 1,899; (2000) 2,111.