city, in the highlands of east-central São Paulo estado (state), southeastern Brazil. It is situated at 2,050 feet (625 metres) above sea level along the Corumbataí River. Formerly called São João Batista da Beira do Ribeirão Claro and São João Batista do Morro Azul, it was given town status in 1845. Rio Claro is now the trade and processing centre for an agricultural region producing sugarcane, oranges, and other crops. The city's industries include the manufacture of machinery, shoes, paper, ceramics, furniture, and textiles. Goods are transported to São Paulo, capital of the state, 112 miles (180 km) southeast, and to the neighbouring cities of Limeira, Piracicaba, and São Carlos by rail, road, and air. Pop. (2005 est.) 181,700.