king who consolidated absolutism in Denmark–Norway.

Christian was the son of Frederick III, whom he succeeded in 1670. Popular with the common people, he fortified the absolutist system against the aristocracy by accelerating his father's practice of allowing Holstein nobles and Danish commoners into state service. To accommodate them, Christian V created the new noble ranks of count and baron. Perhaps the greatest commoner elevated in the system was Peder Schumacher (Griffenfeld, Peder Schumacher, Count af), named Count Griffenfeld in 1670 and high councillor of Denmark in 1674. Griffenfeld, however, fell out of favour with Christian V during the Scanian War (1675–79) against Sweden, which, initiated by Christian, exhausted Denmark without making any real gains. Danish law (1683) and Norwegian law (1687) were codified during Christian V's reign.