city, Marengo county, western Alabama, U.S. It is situated about 100 miles (160 km) west of Montgomery, at the confluence of the Tombigbee (Tombigbee River) and Black Warrior (Black Warrior River) rivers, which form a navigable waterway. Founded in 1817 by Napoleonic exiles who unsuccessfully tried to raise olives and grapes, it was named Demopolis (Greek: “City of the People”). A cotton-plantation society flourished (c. 1830–60), and many fine Greek Revival mansions were built, including Gaineswood (c. 1842–60) and Bluff Hall (1832). The economic dependence on cotton later ended as agricultural activities expanded to include raising beef cattle, dairying, and lumbering.

Manufactures include paper products and cement; food processing is also important. Demopolis is the gateway from Mobile to Alabama's inland waterway system. Recreational activities focus on nearby Lake Demopolis, formed by Demopolis Dam on the Tombigbee. Chickasaw State Park is about 12 miles (19 km) south. Inc. 1821. Pop. (1990) 7,512; (2000) 7,540.