city, seat (1886) of Josephine county, southwestern Oregon, U.S., on the Rogue River, in the Klamath Mountains, 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Medford. A stage stop on the Sacramento-Portland overland route, it was named to commemorate Union General Ulysses S. Grant's victory at Vicksburg and developed after the Oregon and California (later Southern Pacific) Railroad (Southern Pacific Railroad) established a station there in 1883.

A trading point for mining, forest, and agricultural products, Grants Pass serves as a tourist base for the Rogue River recreational area and is headquarters for Siskiyou National Forest. Rogue Community College opened there in 1970. The Josephine County Historical Society Museum and Research Library, housed in adjacent historic buildings, contains documents and artifacts relating to area history. The Oregon Caves National Monument is 50 miles (80 km) south. Inc. 1887. Pop. (2000) 19,328; (2006 est.) 29,693.