judeţ (county), northeastern Romania, bounded on the east by Moldova. The southward-flowing Prut River marks the county's eastern border with Moldova, and the Siret River drains the hilly terrain of the county to the south. Iaşi county was a part of feudal Moldavia. Area 2,112 square miles (5,469 square km). Pop. (2002) 819,044.

Iaşi city is the county capital and has chemical, textile, and food industries. Building materials are produced in Ciurea and Hârlău, and machinery factories operate in Paşcani. The county's agricultural activities consist of cereal cultivation and livestock raising. Ciric, located north of Iaşi, is a boating resort. A fortified monastery, situated south of Iaşi city, was founded by Prince Duca in 1672. Răducăneni, Mădirjac, and Şipote are other towns. Bârnova Forest and the natural monument of Repédea Hill, containing fossiliferous rocks, are notable features of the area. A university and several technical and professional institutes are found in Iaşi. Highways and railway connections extend through Iaşi, Târgu Frumos, and Paşcani. An airport is located near Iaşi city.