German virologist who was a corecipient, with Franƈoise Barré-Sinoussi (Barré-Sinoussi, Franƈoise) and Luc Montagnier (Montagnier, Luc), of the 2008 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Zur Hausen was given half the award in recognition of his discovery of the human papilloma virus (human papillomavirus) (HPV) and its link to cervical cancer.

Zur Hausen received an M.D. in 1960 from the University of Düsseldorf, where he was a research fellow from 1962 to 1965; he continued in that capacity at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (1966–69). In the following years he worked in the virology departments of several German universities. In 1983 he was made scientific director and chairman of the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg; zur Hausen became emeritus professor there in 2003.

The discovery leading to zur Hausen's Nobel honour was made in the early 1980s. Though his findings were ill-supported at the time, they were later fully vindicated. His work led to the creation of the HPV vaccine, which significantly cuts the risk of developing cervical cancer, the second most common cancer among women.