town, northeastern Zimbabwe. It originated in 1890 as a rest house on the road from Harare (formerly Salisbury) to Mutare (formerly Umtali) and was named for Marondera, chief of the ruling Barozwi people. Destroyed in the Shona resistance of 1896, the town was moved 4 miles (6 km) north to the Harare-Beira railway line. During the South African (Boer) War it was used by the British as a staging point for military operations into the Transvaal, and in World War II it was a refuge for displaced Poles. Marondera services a large forestry and farming district and markets timber, tobacco, corn (maize), beef, and dairy products. It is an educational centre and the site of the Grasslands Research Station. Constituted a village in 1913, it became a town in 1943. Pop. (2002 prelim.) 52,283.