city and port, southeastern Veracruz estado (state), south-central Mexico. Formerly known as Puerto México, it lies at the mouth of the Coatzacoalcos River on the Gulf of Campeche, at the narrowest segment of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. An important port and transportation centre, Coatzacoalcos is on the main highway from Mexico City and central Mexico to Campeche, Mérida, and the Yucatán Peninsula. It is also the northern terminus of the trans-isthmian railway that originates on the Pacific coast at Salina Cruz in southeastern Oaxaca. Petroleum products, refined in Minatitlán, 13 miles (21 km) to the south, are transported to Coatzacoalcos via pipeline and the river for export. The port also processes local agricultural, forestry, and manufactured products. Pop. (2005) urban agglom., 321,182.